Arithmetical calculator



Patented May I6, |899.

W. A. BRAKE.

ARITHMETIGAL CALCULATOR.

(Application Med Sept. 14, 1898.)

3 Sheets--Sheat l.

(No Model.)

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W. A. DRAKE.

ABITHMETICAL CALCULATOR.

(Application and sept. 14, 189s.) (No Model.) 3 Shqets-Sheet 2.-

No. 625,025. M Patented May I6, |899.

No, 625,025. Patented May I6, |899.

W. A. BRAKE.

ARITHMETICAL CALCULATUR.

(Application led Sept. 14, 1898.)

(No Modal.)

HUIhHH UHHIIIIVQIIIIIIHHH RMN UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

WARREN A. DRAKE, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

ARITHMETICAL CALCULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part ef Letters Patent No. 625,025, dated May 1e, ieee.

Application filed September 14, 1898. Serial No. 690,944. (No model.)

-fo all whom, it ntrty concern:

Be it known that I, WARREN A. DRAKE, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Arithmetical Calculators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to arithmetical calculators, and is in the nature of an improvement upon the apparatus set forth in an application filed by me November 8, 1897, Serial No. 657,781, for improvements in interestcalculators. In said application I have set forth a calculator comprising, in combination, a rotatable cylinder having thereon parallel columns indicating principal and interest and a bar having` independently-movable pointers thereon, said bar being movable relatively to the cylinder, so that the time or the amount, or both, may be readily multiplied by ten. In one form of the device, as set forth in said application, a plurality of cylinders is employed, and in either form a computation of large amounts over a certain sum requires the shifting of the cylinder to first determine the interest upon a large amount in either hundreds or thousands and then a separat-e shifting and examination to determine the interest upon the small remainder, the two results thus obtained being added together. For instance, in the machine therein set forth if it be desired to compute the interest on thirty thousand five hundred and sixty-three dollars for sixty days at six per cent. the interest on thirty thousand five hundred dollars is first ascertained from the machine, the tables giving this information readily and directly, and after the amount of interest has been noted and written down the cylinder or cylinders are shifted until the number 63 is exposed in the principal-column and the interest on that amount is noted and added to the interest on the thirty thousand five hundred dollars.

In practice it is customary in banks and other places where devices of this character may be profitably employed to verify, review, or check the computations made by referring back to them, and in the case of such computations as that just referred to, where one result must be noted and the cylinder or cylinders then turned to permit the determination of another result, it is obvious that in an apparatus constructed as set forth in my prior application, hereinbefore referred to, the first result disappears from View before the second becomes visible, so that in reviewing or checking it is necessary to again Inanipulate the instrument and to note in writing the results in order that they may be added together.

It is the object of my present invention to obviate these difficulties and to provide an apparatus so constructed that when such large numbers are being computed the results of the computations may be presented to view at one time, and said results may be reviewed and checked without any further manipulation of the apparatus.

To this end my present invention consists in the combination, with a main cylinder or group of cylinders upon which the numbers, with their derivatives, are tabulated, of an auxiliary or supplementary cylinder whereupon the numbers from 1 to 99 are tabulated, whereby any given number within the capacity of the machine may be made the subject of computations, and the results upon which the final result is based Will be simul-v.

taneously in full view, so that the computations may be reviewed or checked without further manipulation of the apparatus.

The invention also consists in certain other novel features, which will be more particularly referred to hereinafter and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention, a portion thereof being broken away. Fig. 2 is a similar vieW of the decimalbar and its pointers and a portion of the cylinder. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the apparatus, also showing the modified form thereof, wherein a plurality of cylinders is employed. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view, partly in elevation, of the structure shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail plan view of a portion of the decimal-bar, the supplementary cylinder being indicated in dotted lines. Fig. 6 is a detail elevation,

partly in section, of the supplementary cylinder and one of its bearings; and Fig. 7 is a detail view of a portion of Fig. 1 with the parts in an altered position.

In the said drawings, 10 represents the cas- ICO in the same direction.

ing, having a hinged cover 11 and provided at its front with a shelf 12, between which and the cover is a slot or opening 13. Within the casing 10 is located a single cylinder 14, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or a plurality of such cylinders 14, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and as described in my prior application, hereinbefore referred to.' The particular mode of mounting and operating said cylinders is set forth in detail in said application and therefore requires no detailed description here. Upon the shelf 12 is mounted a decimal-bar 15, which may be constructed, as in my prior application, of a fiat piece of metal sliding in a grooved way in the upper surface of the shelf 12. The decimal-bar is provided with a fixed pointer 10 and with a plurality of pivoted pointers 17, constructed and operated as in my prior application and bearing numbers to represent time. These pointers 17 coperate with the cylinder or cylinders 14 and serve to indicate positions on the tables of figures on said cylinder or cylinders.

The construction thus far described is identical with that of my prior application. In addition, however, to the main cylinder or cylinders 14 I provide a supplementary or auxiliary cylinder18, which is conveniently mounted underneath the shelf 12, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and is supported in ,suitable bearings in an extension 10 of the casing 10, being longitudinally movable in said bearings. The cylinder 18 is connected with the decimal-bar 15, so as to move longitudinally in vunison therewith, by any suitable meansas, for instance, an arm 10, secured to the decimal-bar at each end and having a terminal yoke 20, the arms of which engage a grooved. collar 21, secured on the shaft or axis 22 of the cylinder 18. The shelf 12 is provided with a slot 23, through which the figures on the cylinder 18 may beinspected. The decimalbar 15 is provided with a series of pointers 24, pivoted thereon and connected with the pointers 17, so as to move in unison therewith and This connection may be effected in the manner indicated by providing each pointer 17 with a pin or projection 25, while its companion pointer 24 is provided With a slot 2G, with which the pin 25 engages. Movement imparted to any one of the pointers 17 will impart an equal movement to the corresponding pointer 24 in the same direction. The pointers 24 cooperate With the tabulated figures upon the supplementary cylinder 18.

On the top of the casing is located a series of sliding shutters 27, one for each pointer 17, which shutters may be moved downward, so as to project their edges over the slot 13, and thereby conceal the figures on the cylinder or cylinders 14. Upon the shelf 12 a similar provision is made for the slot 23, there being provided a series of sliding shutters 28, one for each pointer 24, which shutters may be projected over the slot 23, so as to conceal the figures upon the cylinder 18. In order to the apparatus there is delineated in the first column at the left-hand side of the machine a series of numbers commencing with 1 and extending to the capacity of the cylinder or cylinders, preferably omitting the even tens and afxing to each of the numbers a series of ciphers. In the succeeding columns on said cylinder or cylinders are represented the figures indicating the interest on the amounts represented by the figures in the same row of the first column, as pointed out in my prior application. Upon the cylinder 18 there are delineated in the first column at the left a series of numbers commencing with 1and extending to 90, and in the columns to the right thereof is represented the interest for the various periods of time indicated by the corresponding pointers on the amounts appearing in the corresponding rows of the left-hand column.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: Assuming that the shutters are closed andthe decimal-bar and auxiliary cylinder in a position at the extreme left and that it is desired to compute the interest on thirty thousand five hundred and sixty-three dollars for sixty days at six per cent., being the percentage for which the tables are calculated, the cylinder or cylinders 14 are rotated until IOO the number 305 followed by a series of ciphers appeals in .the column at the extreme left of said cylinder or cylinders 14. The parts are shown in full lines in Fig. 1, with the pointer 10 indicating or pointing off the figures 305, while that one of the pointers 17 which bears the numeral G upon it is shown in full lines as indicating the interest on three hundred and five dollars for six days-to wit, 98.305, the shutter 27 being shown in said figure as raised in order to show the position of said pointer. 'lhe decimal-bar is then moved tWo places to the right, so that the fixed pointer 1G indicates the sum 30,500 at the extreme left of the main cylinder or cylinders. This movement of course carries along with it the pointers 17 and 24 and the auxiliary cylinder 18, with its shutters 28. By lifting the shutter 27 above the pointer 17, bearing the number 0, the pointer 17 will indicate thereon when its tip is in its normal position to the extreme left the interest on thirty thousand five hundred dollars for six days or $30.50. In Fig. 1 of the drawings I have shown in dotted lines the positions assumed by the pointers 1G and 17 after this movement of the decimal-bar IIO ` just referred to.

The pointer 17 is moved so as to expose a cipher after the G and brings the indicating-point one place to the right, and we will read upon the corresponding column ot the main cylinder or cylinders the interest on thirty thousand live hundred dollars for 'sixty days-t'. e., $05.00. The movement of the pointer 17 has imparted a corresponding movement to the pointer 24, so that when the auxiliary cylinder is rotated, as it may conveniently be by a suitable handle 22a on its axis 22, so as to bring the number 63 in the column at the left hand thereof into view through the aperture 31 the shutter 2S opposite the sixth pointer 24 maybe opened,where upon said pointer will vindicate the interest on sixty-three dollars for sixty days-et'. e., $0.63. In Fig. 7 of the drawings I have shown in full lines the position of the parts above indicated after the shifting of the decimal-bar and the moving of the pointers so as to indicate sixty days on both the main and auxiliary cylinders. This amount is readily added to the three hundred and five ldollars previously ascertained, thereby giving as the interest on thirty thousand iive hundred and sixty-three dollars for sixty day at six per cent. the sum of three hundred andfive dollars and sixty-three cents. Moreover7 itwill be seen that the two partial results--to wit,

the 305. OO and the $0. 63-from which the main result or tota-l is obtained both remain visible at the same time and in full view, so that the calculation may be reviewed and checked without manipulating the apparatus, as would be necessary if the two component figures from which the partial results are obtained were on the same cylinder or on different cylinders which were not both visibleat the same time. By reason of this mode of operation calculations may be more quickly made and more readily checked, thereby giving results productive of higher rapidityand greater accuracy.

It is obvious that various modifications in the details of the construction hereinbefore set forth may be made without departing from the principle of my invention. For instance,

while the shutters are desirable adjuncts in preventing the eye from being diverted from the proper column they may be dispensed with, and although it is convenient and desirable to connect the pointers 17 and 24 in as an interest-calculator it is also of very material advantage in the making of other calculations, such as complicated discount calculations involving several discounts, the calculation of which by the means of properlytabulated gures may be greatly quickened and simplified. I therefore do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise structural details hereinbefore described and shown in the drawings.

I claim 1. An arithmetical calculator comprisingin combination one ormore main supports or cylinders havinga main table or tables delineated thereon, a supplementary rotatable support or cylinder having a table thereon computed with relation to the small amounts which are adapted to furnish the terminal iigures of the amounts of the main table or tables, and a sliding decimal-bar having pointers thereon cooperating with said cylinders,`

substantially as described.

2. An arithmetical calculator comprising one or more main cylinders having a main table or tables delineated thereon, a supplementary cylinder tabulated for small amounts,and a sliding decimal-bar having two series of pointers mounted thereon, movable in relation to said bar and coperating respectively with the main and supplementary cylinders, substantially as described.

8. An arithmetical calculator comprising one or more main cylinders having a main table or tables delineated thereon, asupplementary cylinder tabulated for small amounts, a sliding decimal-bar, and two series of pointers pivotally mounted on said decimal-bar WARREN A. BRAKE.v

Witnesses:

IRVINE MILLER, FREDERICK C. GOODWIN.

IOO 

